Sea-wall or wharf construction.



J. E.' KJILBERG. SEA WALL 0R WHARF CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FIL'ED DEO. B, 1909. I I 969,706. y Patented sept. e, 1910.

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J. E. KJILBERG. SEA WALL 0R WHARF CONSTRUCTION.

' v APPLICATION FILED DBU. 8, 1909. I v 96 9,706. Patented Sept. 6,1910.

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r out the views.

y Referringto 'the drawings, A designates` UNITED sfraras JOHN EMILKJILBERG, OF MOBILE, ALABAMA, ASSIGNOR O F ONE-HALF G. OLLINGER, OIFMOBILE; ALABAMA.

,PATENT OFFICE.

To CHARLES SEA-WALL 0R W'HAR CONSTRUCTION.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. KJiLnsRc, a Subject of the King of Sweden,residing` Aat Mobile, in the county of Mobile and State of Alabama,haveinvented a new and useful Sea-Tall or lVharfConstruction, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to wharves, bulli'- heads, retainine walls andthe like, for use along bodies o water to retain the shore material orembankment from the latter.

The principal object of the invention is:

the provision of a structure of this character which is of extremelysimple construc' tion, inexpensive as to the cost of materialy andbuilding, and designed to be of per1nanent character so asto take theplace of the common timber constructions which are liable to becomedestroyed by storms or eaten away by teredo or sea-worms.

Another object of the invention is to pro- 'vide a novel arrangement ofreinforcing and supporting piles, together with a wall of concrete orsimilar material so arranged as to effectively withstand the'straius towhich the structure is subjected and to be unaffected by the elements.

lith these objects in view and others, as

. will appear as the description proceeds. the

Invention comprises the various novelfeatures of construction'v andarrangement 'of parts which will be more fully described. hereinafterand set forth with particularity in the `claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, whiclr illustrate one embodiment ofvtheinvcnti'on Fio'urc 1 1s a vertical transverse's'ection of the wall.l' 1g. 2 is an elevation of the wall viewed from the water side.1 Fig. 3is an' enlarged detail View sl1o\\'ing the wall in elevation. Fig. l isa perspective View of the upper portions of one pair of reinforcingpiles for the concrete portion of the wall. Fig. 5 is a detailperspective'view of the fastening for the fender pile. Similar referencecharacters are employed to designate corresponding parts throughtheconci ete portion of the wall, wharf or bankment of earth B, theconcrete extending downwardly at least a'distance equal to the.

depth of fthe water. This concrete section Amis reinforced and heldinplace 4by piles' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Slept-, 61910, Application filed December 8, 1909.

Serial No. 532,068.

1 and 2 which are driven into the earth in such relation to each otheras-to effectively withstand the downward and lateral pressure of theconcrete wall. The piles 1 and 2 are arranged in pairs and areoppositely inclined 0r battered and so arranged with respect to eachother as to cross at the point- 43 slightly below their upper ends., The.pairs of piles are spaced from each otherin a' rowextending.longitudinally of the wall,`

yand thev front set of piles 1 ofthe row pass downwardly through the.concrete wall and out of the bottom thereof, while the `rear set "ofpiles 2 pass downwardly through the upv per portion of the wall and outof the latter' at the rear at a point intermediate the top and bottomthereof. The concrete wall can be of any transverse dimension, to thelocality and body of water equivalent devices passing through the pilesat the point wherethey lcross, and the pairs of piles are secured jto ahorizontalreinforcing rod vor equivalgnt means 5 which is em: bedded inthe concrete adjacent the top thereof, the said rod being insertedbetween the upper end of the piles. The Vconcrete wall is' furtherreinforced vby spaced longitudinal bars or'rods so that the wall isstrengthened vertically by the piles and horizontally by the bars.Spaoed shorewa'rd a suitabledistance from the row of reinforcing piles 1and 2 is a row of anchor piles 7 which-are driven'into` the embankmentand the concrete wall is connected with these piles 7 by rods 8-whichhave their ends 9 enlarged or otherwise formed to obtain' a firm hold inthe concrete while the opposite ends pass through the piles 7 andtighten by nuts 10. A

Any suitable fender construction may be employed in connection with theconcrete wall, and for this fender, piles 11 are driven into the bott-omof the waterway close to the` accordingl to be pro-l tected. The piles 1and 2 of each pair are .fastened together by bolts 4i or such forinstance, as collar plates 15 bolted to the wale pieces to projectlaterally therefrom and through the collars 16 of which the fender pilesextend. The fender iles may project above the top of the wal Vor wharfto serve as mooring posts, or mooring rings or equivalent devices 17 maybe anchored in the concrete.

A wall' constructed in this manner is light as compared with otherconcrete walls and possesses great strength owing to the large number ofpiles and their peculiar arrange ment. Eurthermore, the wall is of apermanent chalracter since the piles are protected from destructiveelements.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying ldraw'- ings, the advantages of the construction and of themethod of operation vwill be readily apparent to those skilled inthe/art to which the invention appertains. and while I have describedthe principle of operation of the invention, together with theconstruction which I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, Idesire to have it understood that the construction shown 'is merelyillustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as arewithin the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In .a structure of the class described, a wall of concrete or thelike, and a row of vertically disposed reinforcing and supportingelements partially embedded in the wall and driven into the foundationof the wall, said elements comprising connected piles arranged incrossed relation.

2. In a structure of the class described, a wall, means for supportingthe wall consisting of a pluralityT of pairs of piles arranged side byside with their upper ends embedded in the wall and their lower endsprojecting out of Athe latter and driven into the earth, the' piles ofeach pair crossing each other at a point below their upper ends and thepoint of crossing being located in the wall.

3. In a structure of the class described, a wall, means for supportingthe Wall consisting of a plurality of pairs of piles arranged side byside with their upper ends embedded in the -wall andtheir lower endsprojecting out of the latter and driven into the earth, the piles ofeach pair crossing each other at a point below their upper ends and thepoint of crossing being located in the wall, and means for securing eachpair of piles rigidly together.

4. In a structure of the class described, a wall, means for supportingthe wall consisting of a plurality of pairs of piles arranged side byside with their upper ends embedded in the wall and their lower endsprojecting out of the latter and driven into the earth,

the piles of each pair crossingeach other at a point below their upperends and the point of crossing being located in the wall, and means forsecuring a plurality of pairs of piles together and to form a horizontalreinforce for the wall.

5. In a structure of the class described, a wall,.means for supportingthe wall consisting of a plurality of pairs of piles arranged side byside with their upper endsy embedded in the wall and their' lower endsprojecting out of the latter and driven into the earth,

-t-he piles of each pair crossing each other at a point below theirupper ends and the point of crossing being located in the wall, meansfor securing each pair of piles rigidly together, and means for securinga plurality of pairs of piles together and to form 'a horizontalreinforce for the wall.

6. In a structure of the class described, a wall of concrete or thelike, separate series of piles having their upper ends embedded in thewall, the lower ends of one series passing out of the bottom of the walland of the other series passing out of the side of the wall to beanchored in the earth under the wall, the said series of piles beingdisposed in angular vrelation to each other and adja cent piles of bothseries crossing each other near the top of the wall.

7. In a structure of the class described. a concrete wall, separateseries of'piles having their upper portions embedded in the wall incrossed relation and their lower portions projecting downwardly outofthe same at divergent inclinations, a row of driven piles spacedshoreward from the wall, and means for connecting the wall with thelast-mentioned piles above the points of intersection of thefirst-mentioned piles.

8. In a structure ofthe class described, a wall formed with concrete orthe like, a plurality of supporting and reinforcing elements eachconsisting of a pair of connected piles having their upper ends embeddedin the wall in crossed relation and their lower ends projectingoutwardly therefrom in divergent relation, fender piles secured to theouter face of the wall, and reinforcing elements embedded in the walland extending transversely to the piles.

9. In a structure of the class described, a wall formed with concrete orthe like', a plurality of supporting and reinforcing elements eachconsisting of a pair of connectedl piles having their upper endsembedded in the wall in crossed relation and their lower ends projectingoutwardly in divergent relation, anchor piles spaced from the Wall, andtie bars anchored in the wall between adjacent supportingl andreinforcing elements above the points of intersection of the same andextending from the wall and connected d with the anchor piles.

roo

i0. In a struc-ture of tbe. class described, my own, llave .heretoafilixed my signatre `the combination of a concrete Wall,`braedkets intheipresence of two Witnesses. embedded therein Wale strips secure t0 Vs l said brackets, collar plates secured tosaid JOHN EMIL KJILBERG 5Wale st rips, and fender piles inserted Witnesses:

through and supported by said collar plates. N. A. HUTGHINS, y Intestimony that I claim the foregolng as e J.' S. .PHLSTROLL

